Melatonin Zn-Se + ProVision + Formulα KKS Algα ε

Epuphysis/Pineal Gland:

The pineal gland (or epiphysis), which regulates the synthesis and cyclical secretion of hormones in our body, Melatonin Plasma Levels Decline Rapidly with Ageproduces melatonin. As it ages, it produces increasingly less melatonin. During childhood, melatonin production reaches its maximum peak. It then begins to decline slowly: at about 45, there is a further drop and at around 80 the level of melatonin in the body of an otherwise healthy individual is less than half that of a young individual.

Hormones and all molecules in the body closely follow a day-night (circadian rhythms), sun-moon and seasons cycle (especially light and temperature). These cycles are the foundation of health. Aging is also due to the break in the synchronized relationship between circadian/seasonal and hormonal rhythms. This relationship is regulated by the structures of the nervous system forming the hypothalamic-pituitary-pineal brain circuit, which integrates and synchronizes the night-day cycles of the synthesis and secretion of all hormones. Aging in humans is, therefore, certainly linked to a genetic program, but the expression of this program is precisely the circadian periodicity of the hormone system.

In turn, day and night hormonal cycles and rhythms are closely controlled by the stimulation of the pineal gland, which integrates and sends back messages to the endocrine glands.

he pineal gland (or epiphysis), which regulates the synthesis and cyclical secretion of hormones in our body, Melatonin Plasma Levels Decline Rapidly with Ageproduces melatonin. As it ages, it produces increasingly less melatonin.

During childhood, melatonin production reaches its maximum peak. It then begins to decline slowly: at about 45, there is a further drop and at around 80 the level of melatonin in the body of an otherwise healthy individual is less than half that of a young individual. Levelling until the complete disappearance of the nocturnal melatonin peak, in addition to the constant reduction of zinc levels with aging, are tell-tale signals of the body's aging and of the decline of hormonal control over our essential functions, including sleep, strength, adaptation to temperatures, sexual vigor, resistance to infections and so forth.

It is, therefore, a matter of preventing this trend by administering a correct amount of melatonin to maintain a constant nocturnal peak typical of youth. By doing so, you are helping the pineal gland and, therefore, the entire body to recover that youthful condition that is essential to preserve the biological rhythms that control hormones and immunity, as well as circadian synchronization (physiological cyclicity) of the entire hormonal system that closely Normal Melatonin Peaksregulates natural metabolic and immunological functions. This favors, accordingly, the normalization of all immunological, metabolic and endocrine functions.

Since the pineal gland produces melatonin only at night, by taking the correct amount of melatonin at night (and obtaining the corresponding melatonin peak during the night), the pineal gland no longer needs to produce melatonin through a very complex synthesis process and "goes to rest”. This way, you can help to preserve and protect the functional integrity of the pineal gland and, therefore, restore all hormonal rhythms in addition to slowing down aging (which is certainly a clearly genetically programmed process in the brain, but which is expressed through hormonal regulation).

Why Zinc and Selenium?
Zinc and selenium are two molecules that cooperate and synergize with melatonin to regulate and resynchronize hormonal, metabolic and immune functions which are altered during aging. For instance, a number of studies and experiments have shown that zinc can help to redress immunodepression generated by aging and other hormonal and metabolic alterations typical of old age. Furthermore, with age, zinc is not absorbed enough through the bowels and is a certain indicator of aging (elderly people have very low zinc levels) and must, therefore, be supplemented to prevent alteration of immunity.

For this reason, in Pierpaoli Melatonin, the three fundamental anti-aging molecules (melatonin, zinc and selenium) are combined in a single synergistic blend, which is designed to achieve the maximum beneficial effect in the metabolic and immunobiological system of people who take it.

To assess the beneficial effects of Pierpaoli® Melatonin Zinc-Selenium, all you need is a normal blood test before you start taking it and then check again after 6 months or a year (in the absence of diseases, we recommend that you always measure FT3, FT4, TSH, prolactin and testosterone).

Composition:
Melatonin, Zinc gluconate, Seleniomethionine and Mannitol

Instruction for use:
We recommend taking one tablet of Pierpaoli’s Melatonin Zinc-Selenium in the evening half an hour before going to sleep, and in any case preferably between 10 p.m. and midnight.

Warnings:
Do not exceed the recommended daily dose. Supplements are not intended as a substitute for a varied, balanced diet and healthy lifestyle. Keep out of reach of children under three years of age, do not take while pregnant, keep at a temperature below 25° C and protect from light. Excessive use may cause laxative effects.

Safety considerations for Pierpaoli’s Melatonin Zinc-Selenium
(Source: http://www.pierpaoli.ch/ENG/Melatonin-Zn-Se-Pierpaoli-1ec45800)

In general
The use of Melatonin at the recommended doses is safe. Melatonin is generally well tolerated and has no side effects. No harmful or dangerous side effects have been identified in the 20 years during which tens of millions of people have taken Melatonin. Numerous scientific publications and studies confirm the safety and beneficial effects of Melatonin. Melatonin is practically free of contraindications and clinically relevant undesirable effects when taken according to instructions.

Pierpaoli’s Melatonin Zinc-Selenium does not create addiction or dependency. Stopping the administration of exogenous Melatonin, the pineal gland resumes synthesizing the endogenous molecule in physiological quantities.

Interactions
For people taking medication before starting with Pierpaoli’s Melatonin-Zinc-Selenium, as more generally, with any other type of dietary supplement, we recommend consulting with your doctor. Although the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic characteristics of Melatonin are theoretically modulated by other active substances, at the moment there are no known interactions that are of particular concern from a clinical viewpoint.

Special population groups
For precautionary purposes, we recommend that you always consult your doctor before taking Melatonin if you suffer from: severe hepatic impairment and rheumatoid arthritis, given that, to date, there is not a great number of clinical observations in patients, it is necessary to validate the studies that prove the beneficial effects of Melatonin in these categories of people. Given the lack of studies in this regard, taking Melatonin should be avoided during pregnancy and subsequently while breastfeeding. In the absence of specific disorders healthy children and adolescents, with a lifestyle that does not affect the biological circadian rhythms (sleep-wake) usually do not suffer from inhibitions of the endogenous production of Melatonin and, therefore, unless a different specialised assessment proves otherwise, do not need to take Melatonin.

Prolonged use The use of Melatonin has been demonstrated as being safe in the short and middle term (6-18 months), even at higher doses.
However, for precautionary purposes, we advise you to inform your doctor if you use it for prolonged periods.

References:

1. JELLIN JM ET AL., EDS. Pharmacist’s letter/prescriber’s letter natural medici- nes comprehensive database.

2. HARTTER S ET AL. Increased bioavailability of oral melatonin after fluvoxami- ne coadministration. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2000; 67:1-6.

3. VON BAHR C ET AL. Fluvoxamine but not citalopram increases serum me- latonin in healthy subjects -- an indication that cytochrome P450 CYP1A2 and CYP2C19 hydroxylate melatonin. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2000; 56:123-7.

4. LUSARDI P ET AL. Cardiovascular effects of melatonin in hypertensive pa- tients well controlled by nifedipine: a 24-hour study. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2000; 49:423-7.

5. PIERPAOLI, W. AND REGELSON W. WITH CAROL COLMAN, “The Mela- tonin Miracle”, Simon & Schuster, New York, 1995.

6. PIERPAOLI, W. The pineal gland: a circadian or a seasonal aging clock? Aging 3: 99-101, 1991.

7. PIERPAOLI, W. DALL’ARA, A, PEDRINIS, E. AND REGELSON, W. The pineal control of aging. The effects of melatonin and pineal grafting on the survival of older mice.

8. Second Stromboli Conference on Aging and Cancer, June 1990. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 621: 291-313, 1991.

9. PIERPAOLI, W., AND LESNIKOV, V.A. The pineal aging clock. Evidence, mo- dels, mechanisms, interventions. The Aging Clock. Third Stromboli Conference on Agingand Cancer, June 1993. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 719: 461-473, 1994.

10. PIERPAOLI, W. AND REGELSON, W. Pineal control of aging: effect of mela- tonin and pineal grafting on aging mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94: 787-791, 1994.

11. MOCCHEGIANI, E., BULIAN, D., SANTARELLI, L., TIBALDI, A., MUZZIOLI, M., PIERPAOLI, W. AND FABRIS, N. The immuno-reconstituting effect of melato- nin or pineal grafting and its relation to zinc pool in aging mice. J. Neuroimmunol. 53: 189-201, 1994. Melatonina Zinco-Selenio Dr.Pierpaoli

12. MOCCHEGIANI, E., BULIAN, D., SANTARELLI, L., TIBALDI, A., MUZZIOLI, M., LESNIKOV, V., PIERPAOLI, W. AND FABRIS, N. The zinc pool is involved in the immunoreconstituting effect of melatonin in pinealectomized mice. J. Phar- mac. & Exp. Therap. 277: 1200-1208, 1996.

13. MOCCHEGIANI, E., BULIAN, D., SANTARELLI, L., TIBALDI, A., PIERPAOLI, W. AND FABRIS, N. The zinc-melatonin interrelationship. A working hypothesis. The Aging Clock.

14. Third Stromboli Conference on Aging and Cancer, June 1993. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 719: 298-307. 1994.

15. FABRIS, N. Neuroendocrine-immune aging: an integrative view on the role of zinc. The Aging Clock. Third Stromboli Conference on Aging and Cancer, June 1993.

16. ANN. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 719: 353-368, 1994.

17. MEISTER, A. AND ANDERSON, M.E. Glutathione. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 52: 711-760, 1983.

18. PIERPAOLI, W. AND LESNIKOV, V.A. Theoretical considerations on the na- ture of the pineal “aging clock”. Gerontology 43: 20-25, 1997.

19. BELLIPANNI, G., BIANCHI. P, PIERPAOLI, W., BULIAN, D. AND ILYIA, E. Effects of melatonin in perimenopausal and menopausal women. A randomized and placebo controlled study. Exp. Gerontol. 36, 297-310, 2001.

Instructions for use:
We recommend taking one tablet of Pierpaoli’s ProVision in the evening half an hour before going to sleep, and in any case preferably between 10 p.m. and midnight.

Warnings:
Do not exceed the recommended daily dose. Supplements are not intended as a substitute for a varied, balanced diet and healthy lifestyle. Keep out of reach of children under three years of age, do not take while pregnant, keep at a temperature below 25° C and protect from light.

Considerations of the safety of ProVision

In general
The use of the active ingredients in ProVision at recommended doses has been proven to be safe. Numerous scientific publications and studies confirm the safety and beneficial effects of the physiologically active substances contained in ProVision.

Interactions
For people that take medications before starting the integration with Pierpaoli’s ProVision, as more generally, with any other type of dietary supplement, we recommend consulting with your doctor. Although the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic characteristics of the active physiological substances contained in ProVision are theoretically modulated by other active ingredients, currently, there are no known interactions that are of particular concern from a clinical viewpoint.

Special population groups
For precautionary purposes, we recommend that you always consult your doctor before taking ProVision if you suffer from: severe hepatic impairment and rheumatoid arthritis, given that, to date, there is not a great number of clinical observations in patients, it is necessary to validate the studies that prove the beneficial effects of ProVision in these categories of people. Given the lack of studies in this regard, taking ProVision should be avoided during pregnancy and subsequently while breastfeeding. In the absence of specific disorders, children and adolescents, unless a different specialised assessment proves otherwise, do not need to integrate ProVision.

Prolonged use
The use of the physiologically active ingredients contained in ProVision, at recommended doses, has been proven to be safe in the short and middle term (6-18 months). However, for precautionary purposes, we advise you to inform your doctor if you use it for prolonged periods.

References:

1. Hussein G et al. Astaxanthin, a carotenoid with potential in human health and nutrition. J Nat Prod. 2006 Mar;69(3):443-9. Review.

2. Stahl W. Macular carotenoids: lutein and zeaxanthin. Dev Ophthalmol. 2005;38:70-88. Review.

3. Dwyer JH, Paul-Labrador MJ, Fan J, Shircore AM, Merz CN, Dwyer KM. Progression of carotid intima-media thickness and plasma antioxidants: the Los Angeles Atherosclerosis Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2004 Feb;24(2):313-9.

4. Ribaya-Mercado JD, Blumberg JB. Lutein and zeaxanthin and their potential roles in disease prevention. J Am Coll Nutr. 2004 Dec;23(6 Suppl):567S-587S. Review.

5. Richer S, Stiles W, Statkute L, Pulido J, Frankowski J, Rudy D, Pei K, Tsipursky M, Nyland J . Double-masked, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of lutein and antioxidant supplementation in the intervention of atrophic age-related macular degeneration: the Veterans LAST study (Lutein Antioxidant Supplementation Trial). Optometry. 2004 Apr;75(4):216-30.

6. PANG, S.F. & D.T. YEW. 1979. Pigment aggregation by melatonin in the retinal pigment epithelium and choroid of guinea pigs cavia porcellus. Experientia 35: 213 – 233.

7. Hartmann D, Thurmann PA, Spitzer V, Schalch W, Manner B, Cohn W. Plasma kinetics of zeaxanthin and 3'-dehydro-lutein after multiple oral doses of synthetic zeaxanthin. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Mar;79(3):410-7.

8. LIANG, F.Q., L. GREEN, C. WANG, et al. 2004. Melatonin protects human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells against oxidative stress. Exp. Eye Res. 78: 1069 – 1075.

9. Stringham JM, Hammond BR Jr. Dietary lutein and zeaxanthin: possible effects on visual function. Nutr Rev. 2005 Feb;63(2):59-64. Review.

10. TOUITOU, Y., P. LE HOANG, B. CLAUSTRAT, et al. 1986. Decreased nocturnal plasma melatonin peak in patients with a functional alteration of the retina in relation with uveitis. 70: 170 – 174.

11. PIERPAOLI, W., A. DALL’ARA & E. PEDRINIS. 1991. The pineal control of aging: the effects of melatonin and pineal grafting on the survival of old mice. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 620: 291 – 313.

12. SCHER, J., E.WANKIEWICZ, G.M.BROWN, et al. 2003. AII amacrine cells express the MT1 melatonin receptor in human and macaque retina. Exp. Eye Res. 77: 375 – 382.